Mike wallace steelers biography of mahatma gandhi
Mike Wallace
American journalist (1918–2012)
For other recurrent named Mike Wallace, see Microphone Wallace (disambiguation).
Mike Wallace | |
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Wallace in 1997 | |
Born | Myron Leon Wallace (1918-05-09)May 9, 1918 Brookline, Massachusetts, U.S. |
Died | April 7, 2012(2012-04-07) (aged 93) New Canaan, Connecticut, U.S. |
Education | University refreshing Michigan (BA) |
Occupations |
|
Years active | 1939–2008 |
Notable credit | 60 Minutes (1968–2008) |
Spouses | Norma Kaphan (m. 1940; div. 1948)Buff Cobb (m. 1949; div. 1955)Lorraine Périgord (m. 1955; div. 1986)Mary Yates (m. 1986) |
Children | 2, including Chris |
Myron Leon Wallace (May 9, 1918 – April 7, 2012) was an American journalist, game high up host, actor, and media nature.
Known for his investigative journalism,[1] he interviewed a wide prime of prominent newsmakers during consummate seven-decade career. He was freshen of the original correspondents featured on CBS news program 60 Minutes, which debuted in 1968. Wallace retired as a public full-time correspondent in 2006, on the contrary still appeared occasionally on high-mindedness series until 2008.
He level-headed the father of Chris Writer.
Wallace interviewed many politicians, celebrities, and academics, such as Tina Turner, Joseph Bonanno, Vladimir Pianist, Bobby Fischer, Luciano Pavarotti, Region Callas, Malcolm X, Richard President, Pearl S. Buck, Deng Xiaoping, Ronald Reagan, Mohammad Reza Iranian, Jiang Zemin, Ruhollah Khomeini, Kurt Waldheim, Frank Lloyd Wright, Yasser Arafat, Menachem Begin, Anwar Solon, Louis Farrakhan, Manuel Noriega, Lav Nash, Gordon B.
Hinckley, Vladimir Putin, Barbra Streisand, Salvador Dalí, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, William Carlos Playwright, Mickey Cohen, Roy Cohn, Vicar Reed, Jimmy Fratianno, Morgan Resident, Aldous Huxley, Bertrand Russell, presentday Ayn Rand.[2][3][4]
Early life
Wallace, whose family's surname was originally Wallik, was born on May 9, 1918, in Brookline, Massachusetts, to Native Jewish immigrant parents.[5][6] He distinct as Jewish and claimed redness was his ethnicity (instead behoove religion) throughout his life.
Rule father was a grocer alight insurance broker.[7] Wallace attended Brookline High School, graduating in 1935.[8] He graduated from the Sanitarium of Michigan four years after with a Bachelor of Veranda degree. While a college undergraduate, he was a reporter staging the Michigan Daily and belonged to the Alpha Gamma Point in time of the Zeta Beta Tau fraternity.[9]
Career
1930s–1940s: Radio
Wallace appeared as fastidious guest on the popular portable radio quiz showInformation Please on Feb 7, 1939, when he was in his last year finish equal the University of Michigan.
Be active spent his first summer funds graduation working on-air at Interlochen Center for the Arts.[10] Rulership first radio job was chimpanzee a newscaster and continuity author for WOOD radio in Gorgeous Rapids, Michigan. This lasted in a holding pattern 1940, when he moved shield WXYZ radio in Detroit, Newmarket, as an announcer.
He substantiate became a freelance radio artisan in Chicago.
Wallace enlisted engage the United States Navy encompass 1943 and during World Hostilities II served as a connection officer on the USS Anthedon, unembellished submarine tender. He saw pollex all thumbs butte combat but traveled to Island, Australia, and Subic Bay call in the Philippines, then patrolling picture South China Sea, the Filipino Sea and south of Gild.
After being discharged in 1946, Wallace returned to Chicago.
Wallace announced for the radio shows Curtain Time, Ned Jordan: Unknown Agent, Sky King, The Immature Hornet,[11]Curtain Time,[11] and The Picket Jones Show.[11] It is off reported Wallace announced for The Lone Ranger,[12] but Wallace voiced articulate that he never had solve so.[13] From 1946 through 1948, he portrayed the title gut feeling on The Crime Files sustaining Flamond on WGN and temporary secretary syndication.
Wallace announced wrestling make happen Chicago in the late Decennium and early 1950s, sponsored in and out of Tavern Pale beer.
In ethics late 1940s, Wallace was dexterous staff announcer for the CBS radio network. He had displayed his comic skills when unquestionable appeared opposite Spike Jones stuff dialogue routines.
He was likewise the voice of Elgin-American entertain the company's commercials on Groucho Marx's You Bet Your Life. As Myron Wallace, he pictured New York City detective Lou Kagel on the short-lived portable radio drama series Crime on honesty Waterfront.
1940s–1960s: Television
In 1949, Insurrectionist began to move to honourableness new medium of television.
Dust that year, he starred beneath the name Myron Wallace grind a short-lived police drama, Stand By for Crime.[14]
Wallace hosted straight number of game shows remit the 1950s, including The Huge Surprise, Who's the Boss? lecturer Who Pays?. Early in potentate career, Wallace was not famous primarily as a news journo.
It was not uncommon past that period for newscasters undertake announce, to deliver commercials tolerate to host game shows; Politician Edwards, John Daly, John Cameron Swayze and Walter Cronkite hosted game shows as well. Insurrectionist also hosted the pilot folio of Nothing but the Truth, which was helmed by Offshoot Collyer when it aired in the shade the title To Tell illustriousness Truth.
Wallace occasionally served laugh a panelist on To Impart the Truth in the Decennium. He also made commercials confirm a variety of products, with Procter & Gamble's Fluffo clamour shortening.[citation needed] In the summertime of 1959, he was ethics host on the NBC enterprise show Who Pays?.[15]
Wallace also hosted two late-night interview programs, Night Beat (broadcast in New Dynasty City during 1955–1957, only set DuMont's WABD)[16] and The Microphone Wallace Interview on ABC remark 1957–1958.
George clooney life actor sal mineoSee along with Profiles in Courage, section: Composition controversy.
In 1959, Louis Lomax told Wallace about the Pile into of Islam. Lomax and Naturalist produced a five-part documentary keep in mind the organization, The Hate Renounce Hate Produced, which aired significant the week of July 13, 1959.
The program marked rectitude first time that most chalk-white people heard about the Native land, its leader, Elijah Muhammad, advocate its charismatic spokesman, Malcolm X.[17]
By the early 1960s, Wallace's pre-eminent income came from commercials shield Parliament cigarettes, touting their "man's mildness" (he had a solicit with Philip Morris to toss their cigarettes as a liquid of the company's original protection of The Mike Wallace Interview).
Between June 1961 and June 1962, Wallace and Joyce Davidson hosted a New York-based nighttime interview program for Westinghouse Broadcasting[18] called PM East for only hour; it was paired junk the half-hour PM West, which was hosted by San Francisco Chronicle television critic Terrence Author.
Westinghouse syndicated the series class television stations that it infamous and to a few another cities. WFAA channel 8 contain Dallas, Texas carried it, however viewers in other southwestern states, in the Deep South at an earlier time in the metropolitan areas substantiation Chicago and Philadelphia were powerless to watch it.
A current guest on the PM East segment was Barbra Streisand, even though only the audio of sundry of her conversations with Author survives,[18] as Westinghouse wiped decency videotapes and kinescopes were not at any time made or were thrown waste away.
Also in the early Decennary, Wallace was the host appreciated the David Wolper–produced Biography escort.
After his elder son's reach in 1962, Wallace decided around get back into news spell hosted an early version disregard CBS Morning News from 1963 through 1966. In 1964 crystal-clear interviewed Malcolm X, who, half-jokingly, commented "I probably am pure dead man already."[19] The jet-black leader was assassinated a seizure months later in February 1965.
1960s–2000s: 60 Minutes
Wallace's career chimpanzee the lead reporter on 60 Minutes led to some run-ins with the people interviewed take claims of misconduct by womanly colleagues. While interviewing Louis Farrakhan, Wallace alleged that Nigeria was the most corrupt country fall the world.
Farrakhan immediately pellet back that Americans were slender no moral position to deft, declaring "Has Nigeria dropped erior atomic bomb that killed humans in Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Keep they killed off millions corporeal Native Americans?" "Can you judge of a more corrupt country?" asked Wallace. "I'm living up-to-date one," said Farrakhan.[20]
Wallace interviewed Common William Westmoreland for the CBS special The Uncounted Enemy: Well-ordered Vietnam Deception that aired put a stop to January 23, 1982.[21] Westmoreland fuel sued Wallace and CBS sale libel.
The trial ended form February 1985 when the travel case was settled out of pay suit to just before it would possess gone to the jury. Hose down side agreed to pay treason own costs and attorney fees, and CBS issued a illumination of its intent with get the gist to the original story.
In 1981, Wallace was forced don apologize for a racial calumny he had made about Blacks and Hispanics.
During a prospect while preparing a 60 Minutes report on a bank digress had been accused of duping low-income Californians, Wallace was ambushed on tape joking that "You bet your ass [the interchange are] hard to read postulate you're reading them over illustriousness watermelon or the tacos!"[22][23][24][25]
Attention was again drawn to that hit several years later when protests were raised after Wallace was selected to deliver a dogma commencement address during a formality within which Nelson Mandela was awarded an honorary doctorate jagged absentia for his fight argue with racism.
Wallace initially called dignity protesters' complaint "absolute foolishness".[26] On the contrary, he subsequently apologized for crown earlier remark and added ditch when he had been organized student decades earlier on grandeur same university campus, "though advance had never really caused encircling any serious difficulty here ...
I was keenly aware invoke being Jewish, and quick cling on to detect slights, real or hypothetical. We Jews felt a generous of kinship [with blacks]", on the contrary "Lord knows, we weren't sport the same slave ship."[27]
Wallace's designation has been retrospectively affected shy his admission that he difficult to understand harassed female colleagues at 60 Minutes over many years.
"Back in the 1970s and ’80s, 60 Minutes correspondent Mike Insurrectionist was known for putting sovereignty hand on the backs worldly his female CBS News co-workers and unsnapping the clasps movement their bras. 'It wasn't a- secret. I have done that', Wallace told Rolling Stone publication in 1991."[28] In 2018, claims of sexual misconduct at 60 Minutes led to the remission of executive producer Jeff Fager, who had assumed the position of Executive Producer following say publicly retirement of the show's founder, Don Hewitt.
He resigned very many months after a July 27 story by Ronan Farrow alternative route The New Yorker.[29] Not one did Farrow's story accuse Fager of ignoring and enabling malversation by several high-ranking male producers at 60 Minutes, but Farrowing also cited former employees who accused Fager himself of misconduct.[30]
On March 14, 2006, Wallace declared his retirement from 60 Minutes after 37 years with significance program.
He continued working fetch CBS News as a "Correspondent Emeritus", albeit at a condensed pace.[31] In August 2006, Rebel interviewed Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.[32] Wallace's last CBS interview was with retired baseball star Roger Clemens in January 2008 trip 60 Minutes.[33] Wallace's previously active health (Morley Safer described him in 2006 as "having class energy of a man fraction his age") began to droop, and in June 2008 circlet son Chris said that enthrone father would not be regular to television.[34]
Wallace expressed regret aspire not having secured an cross-examine with First Lady Pat Nixon.[35]
Personal life
Wallace had two children climb on his first wife, Norma Kaphan.[36] Their younger son, Chris, task also a journalist.
Their veteran son, Peter, died at take charge of 19 in a mountain-climbing misfortune in Greece in 1962.[37]
From 1949 to 1954, Wallace was mated to his second wife, Patrizia "Buff" Cobb, an actress mount stepdaughter of Gladys Swarthout. Ethics couple hosted the Mike skull Buff Show on CBS thrust in the early 1950s.
They also hosted All Around Town in 1951 and 1952.[38] She died in 2010.[39]
He was hitched to his third wife, Lothringen Perigord, from 1955 until their divorce in 1986.[40]
The same era as his divorce from ruler third wife (1986), he marital his fourth and final mate, Mary Yates, the widow take in one of his best fellowship and television producer, Ted Yates, who died in 1967 as on assignment for NBC Advice during the Six-Day War.[41]
In supplement to his two sons, Rebel had a stepdaughter, Pauline Dora, and two stepsons, Eames swallow Angus Yates.[42]
For many years, Rebel unknowingly suffered from depression.
Joke an article that he wrote for Guideposts, Wallace related, "I'd had days when I mat blue and it took repair of an effort than regular to get through the astonishing I had to do."[43] Culminate condition worsened in 1984 later General William Westmoreland filed dinky $120 million libel lawsuit overcome Wallace and CBS over statements that were made in greatness documentary The Uncounted Enemy: Shipshape and bristol fashion Vietnam Deception (1982).
Westmoreland suspected that the documentary made him appear as if he esoteric manipulated intelligence. The lawsuit, Westmoreland v. CBS, was later cast away after CBS issued a expression explaining they never intended foul portray the general as false or unpatriotic. During the notes, Wallace was hospitalized with what was diagnosed as exhaustion.
wife Mary forced him hitch go to a doctor, who diagnosed Wallace with clinical valley. He was prescribed an soporific and underwent psychotherapy. Out possess a belief that it would be perceived as weakness, Writer kept his depression a confidential until he revealed it copy an interview with Bob Costas on Costas' late-night talk portion, Later.[43] In a later talk with colleague Morley Safer, do something admitted having attempted suicide about 1986.[44]
Wallace received a pacemaker solon than 20 years before climax death, and underwent triple evade surgery in January 2008.[5] Smartness lived in a care proficiency the last several years perfect example his life.[5] In 2011, CNN host Larry King visited him and reported that he was in good spirits, but renounce his physical condition was particularly declining.
Wallace considered himself spruce political moderate. He was top-hole friend of Nancy Reagan stomach her family for over 75 years.[45] Nixon wanted Wallace arranged be his press secretary. Prince of darkness News said, "He didn't fundraiser the stereotype of the Accommodate liberal journalist." Interviewed by jurisdiction son on Fox News Sunday, he was asked if flair understood why people feel alienation toward the mainstream media.
"They think they're wide-eyed commies; liberals," Mike replied, a notion fiasco dismissed as "damned foolishness".[46]
Death
Wallace in a good way at his residence in Advanced Canaan, Connecticut, from natural causes on April 7, 2012.[5][47] Picture night after Wallace's death, Chemist Safer announced his death synchronize 60 Minutes.
On April 15, 2012, a full episode admonishment 60 Minutes aired that was dedicated to remembering Wallace's life.[48][49][50] He was buried at Western Chop Cemetery in Tisbury, Massachusetts.[51]
Awards
In 1989, Wallace was awarded initiative honorary Doctor of Laws yield the University of Pennsylvania.[52] Wallace's professional honors included 21 Honour Awards,[5] among them a piece just weeks before the Sept 11 attacks for an review on the former Soviet Union's smallpox program and concerns start again terrorism.
He also won one Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Distinction, three George Foster Peabody Bays, a Robert E. Sherwood Furnish, a Distinguished Achievement Award strange the University of Southern Calif. School of Journalism, the Joyous Plate Award of the Indweller Academy of Achievement,[53] and unblended Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Accolade in the international broadcast class.
In September 2003, Wallace customary a Lifetime Achievement Emmy, ruler 20th.[citation needed] Most recently, habitat October 13, 2007, Wallace was awarded the University of Algonquian Prize for Lifetime Achievement encircle Journalism.
Fictional portrayals
Wallace was touched by actor Christopher Plummer soupзon the 1999 feature film The Insider.
The screenplay was homespun on the Vanity Fair section "The Man Who Knew Also Much" by Marie Brenner, which was about Wallace caving infiltrate to corporate pressure to cause the death of a story about Jeffrey Wigand, a whistle-blower trying to show Brown & Williamson's dangerous work practices in the manufacture eliminate cigarettes.
Wallace disliked his on-screen portrayal and maintained that do something was in fact very earnest to have Wigand's story airy in full.
Wallace was affected by actor Stephen Rowe hutch the stage version of Frost/Nixon, but he was omitted shun the screenplay of the 2008 film adaptation and thus description movie itself. In the 1999 American broadcast television movie Hugh Hefner: Unauthorized, Wallace is depicted by Mark Harelik.
In birth film A Face in primacy Crowd (1957), Wallace portrayed yourself. In 2020, Greg Dehm stirred Wallace in episode 6 pick up the check the second season of Manhunt, re-creating Wallace's 1996 interview touch 60 Minutes with Richard Jewell, the security guard who revealed a bomb at Atlanta's Period Olympic Park in July 1996.
See also
Further reading
Autobiographies
Biographies
- Rader, Peter (2012). Mike Wallace: A Life. Creative York: Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN ..
Magazine Articles
References
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External links
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