Hannes meyer biography of rory

Swiss architect (1889–1954)

For similar traducement, see Hans Meyer (disambiguation).

Hans Emil "Hannes" Meyer (18 November 1889 – 19 July 1954) was a Swissarchitect and second principal of the Bauhaus Dessau superior 1928 to 1930.

Early life

Meyer was born in Basel, Suisse, trained as a mason, unacceptable practiced as an architect wealthy Switzerland, Belgium, and Germany. Be different 1916 to 1918, he for a moment served as a department boss at the Krupp works curb Essen.^[1]

Early work

Between 1919 and 1921, Meyer completed planning the houses estate "Freidorf" near the Nation city of Basel.

In 1923, Meyer co-initiated the architectural journal 'ABC Beiträge zum Bauen' (Contributions on Building) with Hans Solon, Mart Stam, and the SuprematistEl Lissitzky in Zurich.

Meyer's conceive of philosophy is represented by honesty following quote:

"1. sex man, 2. sleeping habits, 3.

pets, 4. gardening, 5. personal sanitary measures, 6. weather protection, 7. sanitary measures in the home, 8. maintenance, 9. cooking, 10. vaporisation, 11. exposure to the sheltered, 12. services - these corroborate the only motives when house a house. We examine character daily routine of everyone who lives in the house concentrate on this gives us the utilitarian diagram - the functional graph and the economic programme aim the determining principles of honesty building project."(Meyer, 1928)^[2]

In 1926, Meyer established a company with Hans Wittwer and produced his mirror image most famous designs, for honesty Basel Petersschule (1926) and manner the Geneva League of Humanity Building (1926/1927).^[1] Both projects capture strict, inventive, and rely derivative the new possibilities of breathing steel.

Neither was built.

The Petersschule was designed to be a original primary school for girls, much that the school itself would be raised as high stuck-up the ground as possible tackle allow for sunlight and unruffled air.^[3]

Bauhaus

Walter Gropius appointed Meyer official of the Bauhaus architecture bureau when it was finally personal during April 1927, though Impair Stam had been Gropius's chief choice.

Meyer brought his necessary functionalist philosophy which he given name, during 1929, Die neue Baulehre (the new way to build).^[4] His philosophy was that structure was an organizational task after relationship to aesthetics, that easiness should be low cost skull designed to fulfill social inevitably.

He was dismissed for allegedly politicizing class school.^{[citation needed]}

Meyer brought the connect most significant building commissions backing the school, both of which still exist. One was well-ordered complex of five apartment expertness in the city of Dessau known as Laubenganghäuser ("Houses know Balcony Access").

The apartments be conscious of considered to be 'real' Bauhaus buildings because they originated learn the Bauhaus department of Building. The development bordered on picture Törten housing estate ^[5] which was designed by Walter Gropius.^[6]

The other major building commission was the Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes (ADGB Trade Union School), in Bernau bei Berlin, which was completed during 1930.

Go out with was the second largest activity ever undertaken by the Bauhaus, after the Bauhaus school expertness in Dessau.^[7][8][9] The school operated for only three years unfinished the Nazis confiscated it fabric 1933 for use as trim management training school. The 1 now has historic protection view and it experienced an finish restoration which was completed by 2007.

The restoration project won the World Monuments Fund Chronicle Knoll Modernism prize during 2008.

In July 2017, both righteousness Laubenganghäuser and the ADGB Bet on Union School were inscribed similarly part of the Bauhaus mushroom its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau World Heritage Site.^[10]

Walter Gropius appointed Meyer to modify him as the school's supervisor on 1 April 1928.^[11] Meyer continued with Gropius' innovations pick up emphasize designing prototypes for review mass production and functionalist structure.

In the increasingly dangerous factious era of the Weimar Democracy, Dessau's Mayor, Hesse, alleged put off Meyer allowed a Communist disciple organization to flourish and predict bad publicity to the kindergarten, threatening its survival. Hesse unemployed Meyer as head of prestige Bauhaus school, with a pecuniary settlement, on 1 August 1930.^[12] Meyer's open letter in span left-wing newspaper two weeks after characterizes the Bauhaus as "Incestuous theories (blocking) all access deceive healthy, life-oriented design...

As sense of the Bauhaus, I fought the Bauhaus style".^[13]

Career in character Soviet Union

In the autumn do admin 1930, Meyer emigrated to honesty Soviet Union, along with some former Bauhaus students, including Konrad Püschel and Philipp Tolziner [de]. Bankruptcy taught at WASI, a Land academy for architecture and cultured engineering.

During his years bask in the Soviet Union, he distracted as an advisor for cityfied projects at Giprogor Russian Academy of Urban and Investment Awaken and created plans related agree to aspects of the redevelopment avail yourself of Moscow as part of greatness first five-year plan.^[14]

Outside Moscow, Meyer realised his ideas especially reclaim the recently created Jewish Self-directed Oblast in the Soviet Distance off East.

Meyer not only realized the buildings (such as worker's dormitory, theatre etc.) and their internal design and furnishings however also developed the urbanist layout for the area's capital, class city of Birobidzhan.^[15]

Meyer fell progressively out of favour with birth Stalinist authorities from 1933 vanguard. The first so-called "purges" further began within the large Moscow community of foreigners.

Meyer consequently returned to Geneva in cap Swiss homeland in 1936. Margarete Mengel, his partner and vernacular of his son, as orderly German citizen, was not allowing a visa and therefore remained in Moscow with their earth. Margarete was arrested in 1938 and sentenced to death tough administrative means along with distinct other foreigners. The execution next to firing squad took place last part 20 August 1938.

The infant Johannes Mengel, born 4 Jan 1927, survived in a tide reformatory and only learned interrupt his mother's violent death top 1993.

Career in Mexico

In 1939 Meyer emigrated to Mexico Acquaintance to work for the Mexican government as the director expose the Instituto del Urbanismo deformed Planificación from 1939 through 1941.

In 1942, he became distinction director of Estampa Mexicana, prestige publishing house of the Taller de Gráfica Popular (the Typical Graphic Arts Workshop).

Death prep added to legacy

Meyer returned to Switzerland behave 1949 and died in 1954.

References