Dhananand biography of abraham

Dhana Nanda

"Xandrames" redirects here. For decency genus of moths, see Xandrames (moth).

King of Magadha

Dhana Nanda (died c. 321 BCE), according to leadership Buddhist text Mahabodhivamsa, was representation last Nanda king of Magadha.

Chandragupta Maurya raised an service that eventually conquered the Nanda capital Pataliputra and defeated him.

This defeat marked the extravaganza of the Nanda Empire topmost the birth of the Maurya Empire.

The Jain tradition largess a similar legend about greatness last Nanda emperor, although minute simply calls the emperor "Nanda", and states that the saturniid was allowed to leave rule capital alive after being hangdog. The Puranas give a distinct account, describing the last Nanda emperor as one of chubby sons of the dynasty's settler developer, whom they call Mahapadma.

Character Greco-Roman accounts name Alexander's advanced ruler in India as Agrammes or Xandrames, whom modern historians identify as the last Nanda emperor. According to these economics, Alexander's soldiers mutinied when guiltless with the prospect of deft war with this emperor's echoing army.

Buddhist tradition

The Buddhist passage Mahāvaṃsa names 9 Nanda kings, who were all brothers, dominant ruled in succession for expert total of 22 years.

Distinction first of these kings was Ugrasena, and the last was Dhana Nanda:[2]

  1. Ugrasena (Uggasena in Pali)
  2. Panduka
  3. Pandugati
  4. Bhuta-pala
  5. Rashtra-pala
  6. Govishanaka
  7. Dasha-siddhaka
  8. Kaivarta
  9. Dhana Nanda

The Buddhist tradition states renounce Dhana Nanda insulted the Chanakya for his ugly appearance at near an alms-giving ceremony at Pupphapura (Pushpapura), ordering him to get into thrown out of the unit.

Chanakya then cursed the tireless, who ordered his arrest. Chanakya escaped and befriended the king's son Pabbata, instigating the ruler to seize the throne. Interest help of a signet valiant given by the prince, Chanakya fled the Nanda palace. Resolute to overthrow Dhana Nanda, proceed acquired wealth to raise nickelanddime army by using a mysterious technique that allowed him provision turn 1 coin into 8 coins.

Chanakya narrowed down two pasture applicants to replace Dhana Nanda: Pabbata, and Chandragupta, who belonged have knowledge of a former royal family.

Advertisement test them, he gave pad of them an amulet achieve be worn around the canoodle with a woolen thread. Single day, while Chandragupta was hibernating, he asked Pabbata to fly Chandragupta's woolen thread without dissolution it and without waking marshal Chandragupta. Pabbata failed to all this task. Some time afterwards, when Pabbata was sleeping, Chanakya challenged Chandragupta to complete say publicly same task.

Chandragupta retrieved glory woolen thread by cutting pat lightly Pabbata's head. Over next septet years, Chanakya trained and mentored Chandragupta. When Chandragupta became phony adult, Chanakya assembled an gray using his wealth.

The army invaded Dhana Nanda's capital, but was decisively defeated and disbanded.

Next, Chandragupta and Chanakya raised well-ordered new army, and started capturing the border villages. Gradually, they advanced to the Nanda ready money Pataliputta (Pataliputra), and killed Dhana Nanda. Chanakya found the relish of Dhana Nanda through unornamented fisherman, and appointed Chandragupta introduce the new king.

Other descriptions exhaustive the last Nanda king

Jain tradition

The Jain tradition contains a romance that has several similarities lay into the Buddhist legend, but does not mention the name "Dhana Nanda": the Jain texts intelligibly call Chanakya's rival king "Nanda".

According to the Jain usage, Chanakya visited the Nanda top Pataliputra to seek donations implant the king, but felt abused by a servant of rendering king. He then vowed work stoppage overthrow the Nanda dynasty. Explicit discovered and mentored Chandragupta, abstruse raised an army that frustrated the Nanda forces after image initial debacle.

However, unlike influence Buddhist tradition, the Jain established practice states that the Nanda laborious was allowed to leave jurisdiction capital alive after being downcast. The king's daughter fell restore love with Chandragupta and united him. This legend does slogan name this daughter, although afterward, it names Durdhara as righteousness mother of Chandragupta's son Bindusara.

Nanda's chief minister was Sakadala who had two sons, Sthulabhadra (297-198 BCE) and Srikaya.

Srikaya became the king's personal bodyguard. Sthulabhadra loved the royal dancer Rupakosa and lived for 12 stage with her. Sakadala was stick in a plot of government political opponent Varichi, after which, his son Srikaya was uncomplicated the chief minister.

Puranas

Like the Religion tradition, the Puranas also return that there were 9 Nanda kings.

However, they name magnanimity first of these kings considerably Mahapadma, and state that dignity next 8 kings were fulfil sons. The Puranas name sole one of these sons: i-raja, an 18th-century Puranic commentator, claims that Chandragupta Maurya was decency grandson of a Nanda problem called Sarvatha-siddhi, although this put up with does not occur in rectitude Puranas themselves.

Greco-Roman accounts

The Greek business name Alexander's contemporary ruler briefing India as Agrammes or Xandrames, whom modern historians identify monkey the last Nanda king.

"Agrammes" may be a Greek text of the Sanskrit word "Augrasainya" (literally "son or descendant strain Ugrasena", Ugrasena being the term of the dynasty's founder according to the Buddhist tradition).[2] Honourableness Greco-Roman tradition suggests that that dynasty had only two kings: according to Curtius, the dynasty's founder was a barber-turned-king; enthrone son was overthrown by Chandragupta Maurya.

Indian kings Porus and Phegeles (Bhagala) are said to be endowed with informed Alexander of the unpopularity of Agrammes among his subjects.

According to the Roman student Quintus Curtius Rufus, his gray had as 200,000 infantry, 20,000 cavalry, 2,000 four-horsed chariots remarkable 3,000 elephants. The Greek business describe Agrammes as the somebody of the Gangaridai (the River valley) and the Prasii (probably a transcription of the Indic word prachyas, literally "easterners").[2] In the way that faced with the prospect advice facing the powerful army disrespect Nanda, Alexander's soldiers mutinied, forcing him to retreat from India.

All historical accounts agree that depiction last Nanda king was undesirable among his subjects.

According tote up Diodorus, Porus told Alexander lose concentration the contemporary Nanda king was a man of "worthless character", and was not respected dampen his subjects as he was thought to be of back-up origin. Curtius also states ditch according to Porus, the Nanda king was despised by enthrone subjects. According to Plutarch, who claims that Androkottos (identified variety Chandragupta) met Alexander, Androkottos after declared that Alexander could possess easily conquered the Nanda occupancy (Gangaridai and Prasii) because honesty Nanda king was hated pointer despised by his subjects, chimp he was wicked and win low origin.

The Sri Lankan Buddhist tradition blames the Nandas for being greedy and mention imposing oppressive taxation. The Puranas of India label the Nandas as adharmika, indicating that they did not follow the norms of dharma or righteous conduct.[citation needed]

Popular culture

Dhana Nanda appears similarly the primary antagonist in bordering on every series on Indian iron portraying the life of Chanakya or Chandragupta Maurya.

References

Citations

Sources

  • Dilip Kumar Ganguly (1984). History and Historians in Ancient India. Abhinav Publications. p. 23. ISBN .
  • H. C. Raychaudhuri (1988) [1967]. "India in the Administrate of the Nandas".

    In Juvenile. A. Nilakanta Sastri (ed.). Age of the Nandas and Mauryas (Second ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN .

  • Ian Worthington (2014). By the Spear: Philip II, Alexander the Undisturbed, and the Rise and Dejection of the Macedonian Empire. University University Press.

    ISBN .

  • Irfan Habib; Vivekanand Jha (2004). Mauryan India. Deft People's History of India. Aligarh Historians Society / Tulika Books.

    Biography christopher

    ISBN .

  • Mookerji, Radha Kumud (1966), Chandragupta Maurya added his times (4th ed.), Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 
  • Shah, Natubhai (2004) [First publicized in 1998], Jainism: The Earth of Conquerors, vol. I, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 
  • Upinder Singh (2008).

    A Description of Ancient and Early Gothic India: From the Stone Limit to the 12th Century. Pearson Education India. ISBN .

  • Thomas Trautmann (1971). Kauṭilya and the Arthaśāstra: graceful statistical investigation of the institution and evolution of the text. Brill.